Activity Report 2022 - Stage 1 

A scientific study on ”Modelling and layout design of spintronic structures on graphene” has been performed. This study focused on the following general aspects:
• Was made an intensive study on the state of the art on graphene-based spintronic structures and microfabrication processes;
• Advanced modelling of the transport phenomena in graphene and magnetic behaviour of the spintronic systems has been performed; the behaviour of the magnetic contacts and the magnetoresistance effect in graphene based spintronic system was intensively modelled and technical solutions were provided.
• A layout design for the graphene-based spintronic test chip has been provided. The idea of a high flexibility for applications development was taken into account in this design. 

Activity Report 2023 - Stage 2 

The second stage entitled “Microfabrication experiments for characterizing spintronic structures on graphene” was focused mainly on the following aspects:
• Modelling, layout design and chip microfabrication experiments.
• Complex structural, electrical and magnetic characterizations of the graphene structures with magnetic layers.
• Studies were performed on structures with nanocrystalline graphite, vertical graphene (graphene nanowalls) and monolayer graphene.
• The electrical behaviour of Metal-Graphene and Metal-Oxide-Graphene contacts was emphasized.
• Micromagnetic simulations of the ferromagnetic contacts were performed which demonstrated a favourable behaviour for spin detection.  

 Published articles - ISI indexed articles

[1]. Acosta Gentoiu, M., García Gutiérrez, R., Alvarado Pulido, J. J., Montaño Peraza, J., Volmer, M., Vizireanu, S., ... & Rodriguez-Carvajal, R. A. (2023). Correlating Disorder Microstructure and Magnetotransport of Carbon Nanowalls. Applied Sciences, 13(4), 2476.  https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042476
[2]. Helerea, E., Calin, M. D., & Musuroi, C. (2023). Water energy nexus and energy transition—A review. Energies, 16(4), 1879. https://doi.org/10.3390/en16041879
[3]. Marculescu, C.; Preda, P.; Burinaru, T.; Chiriac, E.; Tincu, B.; Matei, A.; Brincoveanu, O.; Pachiu, C.; Avram, M. „Customizable Fabrication Process for Flexible Carbon-Based Electrochemical Biosensors”, Chemosensors 2023, 11, 204. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors11040204
[4]. Preda, P., Enciu, A. M., Tanase, C., Dudau, M., Albulescu, L., Maxim, M. E., ... & Avram, M. (2023). Assessing Polysaccharides/Aloe Vera–Based Hydrogels for Tumor Spheroid Formation. Gels, 9(1), 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/gels9010051
[5]. Simionescu, O. G., Avram, A., Adiaconiţă, B., Preda, P., Pârvulescu, C., Năstase, F., ... & Avram, M. (2023). Field-Effect Transistors Based on Single-Layer Graphene and Graphene-Derived Materials. Micromachines, 14(6), 1096. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14061096

Communication at international scientific conference

Activity Report 2024 - Stage 3 

The third stage entitled ”Complex characterization of the demonstrator chip and applications development” was focused mainly on the following aspects:
• Complex characterizations on structural, electrical and magnetic properties of the demonstrator chip;
• Application development and validation of the functionality of the demonstrator chip in laboratory conditions;
• Valorization of research results. 

 Activities and obtained results:

• Magnetoresistive effect (MR) characterizations were performed on single layer graphene, nanocrystaline graphite (NCG), and nanowalls vertical graphene (NWG) chips. 
• By utilizing differential conduction studies, a magnetoresistive effect in structures of the type Ni₁-monolayer graphene-Ni₂ was determined, which relies on the principle of injecting and detecting spin polarized electrons.
• Magnetoresistive effect studies were performed in the 0-6 T magnetic field domain and temperatures between 20-273 K, on graphene structures made of nanocrystalline graphite and vertical graphene.
• Based on the development process, a demonstrator chip was developed that can detect magnetic fields in the interval ±0.25 T with a very good linearity characteristic. 

 Activity dissemination - patent application

EN:  Marius Volmer, Melinda David, Monica Florescu, Adrian Bezergheanu, Cristian Mușuroi, Method for controlling magnetic anisotropy in soft magnetic thin films, Romania, application number A/00305, 10.06.2024.
RO:  Marius Volmer, Melinda David, Monica Florescu, Adrian Bezergheanu, Cristian Mușuroi, Procedeu pentru controlul anizotropiei magnetice în straturi subțiri feromagnetice moi, Romania, cod depunere A/00305 din 10.06.2024. 

 Communications at international scientific conferences

[1].  A. Bezergheanu, C.B. Cizmaș, M. Volmer, Structural, magnetic, magnetocaloric and electric properties of printable perovskite type structures of Pr2/3(Sr1-XBax)MnO3 manganites, 13th International Conference on Materials Science and Engineering – BraMat 2024, Brașov, România, 13-16 Martie, 2024, prezentare Poster, 14 Martie, secțiunea III.PO.14, https://www.bramat.ro/full-program.html

[2].  Catalin MARCULESCU, Bianca ADIACONITA, Eugen CHIRIAC, Tiberiu BURINARU, Gabriel CRACIUN, Marioara AVRAM, Improving the conductivity of FETs based on carbon nanomaterials by decorating the nanomaterial surface with gold nanoparticles, prezentare acceptată pentru 10th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS (ROCAM), București, Româmia, 15-18 Iulie 2024, cod S4-PP1, https://rocam.fizica.net/ROCAM/Conferences/Programme/, pag. 13.

[3].  Eugen CHIRIAC, Tiberiu BURINARU, Catalin MARCULESCU, Marioara AVRAM, Development and Optimization of a Microfluidic Device for Exosome Filtration, prezentare acceptată pentru 10th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCED MATERIALS (ROCAM), București, Româmia, 15-18 Iulie 2024, cod S4-PP7, https://rocam.fizica.net/ROCAM/Conferences/Programme/, pag. 13.

Laboratory snapshots

During the research studies,advanced methods of simulating and characterizing graphene - based structures have been developed. 
This will allow the development of new studies and practical applications.